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Francesc Pi i Margall
Francesc Pi i Margall ((:fɾənˈsɛsk ˈpi i mərˈɣaʎ); (スペイン語:Francisco Pi y Margall)) (29 April 1824 – 29 November 1901) was a Catalan federalist and libertarian socialist〔"The first movement of the Spanish workers was strongly influenced by the ideas of Pi y Margall, leader of the Spanish Federalists and disciple of Proudhon. Pi y Margall was one of the outstanding theorists of his time and had a powerful influence on the development of libertarian ideas in Spain. His political ideas had much in common with those of Richard Price, Joseph Priestly, Thomas Paine, Jefferson, and other representatives of the Anglo-American liberalism of the first period. He wanted to limit the power of the state to a minimum and gradually replace it by a Socialist economic order." ("Anarchosyndicalism" by Rudolf Rocker )〕〔"These translations were to have a profound and lasting effect on the development of Spanish anarchism after 1870, but before that time Proudhonian ideas, as interpreted by Pi, already provided much of the inspiration for the federalist movement which sprang up in the early 1860's." George Woodcock. ''Anarchism: a history of libertarian movements''. Pg. 357〕 statesman, historian, and political philosopher and romanticist writer. He was briefly president of the short-lived First Spanish Republic in 1873.
==Early life==
Pi was the son of a working-class textile worker in Barcelona and was born on 29 April 1824. Pi's father enrolled him in a religious school in 1831 where he acquired an education in the humanities and the classics. He was a member of the ''Societat Filomàtica'', enabling him to meet some of the main thinkers and writers of the Catalan romanticist movement. In 1837, he left to study law, graduating with a law degree in 1847. He moved to Madrid that year and began writing for the journal ''El Renacimiento'' and for ''El Correo'' as a theater critic, in which Pi's first political article was published. In need of further income, Pi also took a job for Martí, a Catalan bank.
In 1848, Pi completed the unfinished ''Memories and Beauties of Spain'' by the poet Pau Piferrer, contributing to the sections on Catalonia, Seville, and Granada. At this time, he connected himself with the Republican faction in Spanish politics. In 1851, he wrote a monumental and highly popular history of painting, though it was eventually condemned by the Church and the Spanish state for heterodoxy.
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